The pyrolysis of end-of-life tyres offers a sustainable route for recovering valuable hydrocarbons, carbon black, and steel, yet it introduces a complex challenge—sulfur control. Tyres typically contain 1–2% sulfur, introduced primarily through vulcanization agents such as zinc oxide and sulfur compounds. During thermal decomposition, these compounds undergo fragmentation, producing sulfur-bearing gases, tars, and solids that, if unmanaged, can cause severe corrosion, catalys

South America has emerged as one of the most promising regions for the deployment of biochar-based carbon removal initiatives. The continent’s vast agricultural landscape, favorable climatic conditions, and growing sustainability commitments form an ideal foundation for scaling biochar carbon removal (BCR) projects. Beyond the environmental benefits, these projects also create new economic opportunities by transforming agricultural residues into carbon-rich materials through

The efficiency of biomass pyrolysis is a critical determinant of the economic viability and environmental performance of a pyrolysis plant. Optimizing the thermal conversion of organic feedstock into biochar, bio-oil, and syngas requires a thorough understanding of feedstock characteristics, reactor design, process parameters, and energy management. In high-capacity operations, even marginal improvements in efficiency can translate into significant gains in yield and profitab

Indonesia, as one of the world’s largest producers of palm oil, is uniquely positioned to leverage its agricultural by-products for sustainable energy solutions. Palm pyrolysis, a process that converts palm waste into valuable products such as biochar, bio-oil, and syngas, is increasingly seen as a viable technology to mitigate the environmental impact of palm oil production. This growing interest in pyrolysis of palm waste is part of Indonesia’s broader strategy to address w

In recent years, the economic and environmental imperatives driving waste tire recycling have shifted significantly. The deployment of...